Hugo Munsterberg, a pioneer in the field of industrial psychology, examined the workplace particularly the impact of monotony, attention and fatigue, and physical and social influences. As a professor of psychology at Harvard University, he and his students devised a number of different tests to administer to the personnel of various industrial plants. Munsterberg also studied the reliability of eyewitness testimonies and published his findings in "On the Witness Stand" in 1908. A psychologist and philosopher, Munsterberg received his medical degree from the University of Heidelberg. He attended the first International Congress of Psychology in Paris and served as president of the American Psychology Association. Born in 1863, Munsterberg died on this date in 1916.

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