New research about how the brain works has led to many great advances and has greatly improved understanding of how memory works and how the brain changes with age. As a result, new drugs are being developed to help in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Although it is not yet clear, some of these drugs may improve the memory of healthy individuals, as well as those with memory problems.

Scientists are also experimenting with gene therapy and stem cell research. Simply put, stem cells are immature cells. Scientists believe that by inserting these cells into the brain, new nerves will grow, repairing injuries. Research is being conducted looking at the use of gene therapy to treat dementia.