Yes, adhesive capsulitis, or "frozen shoulder," can be treated with physical therapy. In fact, it should always be treated with physical therapy, along with other conservative treatments, before considering surgery. Surgery is recommended for only a minority of cases. This is because surgery is invasive and riskier than other options, and because surgery does not always work.

With adhesive capsulitis, the shoulder has limited motion in all directions. Bursitis, tendonitis, arthritis or even a stroke can lead to a frozen shoulder. It's an example of "use it or lose it." If you don't move a joint, it can become stiff. In the shoulder, scar tissue may form around the joint lining making it very difficult to regain motion.

Treatment options for adhesive capsulitis include:

• Therapy for the underlying condition (such as bursitis)
• Exercises to maintain and increase range of shoulder motion
• Medications for pain and inflammation; a limited number of cortisone injections may be helpful
• Surgery, especially if these other options fail

It's important to avoid the prolonged use of a sling or other device, especially if you are not exercising the shoulder. This may delay or prevent the recovery of your shoulder motion. Moving the shoulder is a key part of any treatment for adhesive capsulitis.

Once it develops, adhesive capsulitis is not easy to treat. Some people never regain normal motion. Others take many months to improve. That's why preventing this condition is key. So keep those joints moving.